风力发电

过去的十年里，风力发电在能源的供应中扮演着越来越重要的角色，看来这一角色还将继续扮演下去。据William North报道，这对安装建筑商和起重机制造商都提出了独特的挑战。[编者按]     

Considerations and strategies behind the design and construction requirements of the Istanbul Strait immersed tunnel

This being a design-build project, the challenge faced during preparations of the Employer’s requirements for design and construction of the Istanbul Strait immersed tunnel was to give the contractor as much freedom as possible and yet specify enough so that the Employer obtained the required facility. When completed, this will be a world-class facility. This paper discusses on a strategic level many of the aspects to be presented by the author in two papers in later sessions of the day. Unusual features of this crossing include the deepest ever immersed tunnel crossing, extra waterproofing requirements, strong currents with bi-directional flow, close proximity of the North Anatolian Fault which is predicted to have a major seismic event during the life of the tunnel, and the method of connecting the adjacent bored tunnels to the immersed tunnel. Safety during tunnel construction and operation has been paramount, and resulted in changes to contract packaging and extra requirements. Other challenges discussed include fish migration, control of an international waterway, environmental issues and ensuring the stability of the soft soils during a seismic event.     

Maintenance of the undersea section of the Seikan Tunnel

This paper introduces the results of measurements made over a period of 14 years after the Seikan Tunnel was opened for service. Because this tunnel is a very long undersea tunnel with the length of 54 km, the necessity of clarifying the long-term behavior of the tunnel structure was recognized from the start. Various measurements are made to survey the condition of the ground and lining concrete and data thus obtained are used to assess the soundness of the tunnel structure. Judging from the data thus far obtained, the tunnel structure appears to remain in a good condition.     

中央空调系统变频节能改造方案

在我国经济快速发展的大背景下,能源（水、电、油）的消耗在企业中所占的比重越来越高,也受到愈来愈大的重视。同时也由于房地产的快速发展需求,中央空调的市场需求呈现强劲的增长。在市场容量不断增大的吸引下,越来越多的厂家加入到商用中央空调的领域。变频技术应用于中央空调系统,对提升中央空调自动化水平、降低能耗.减少对电网的冲击,延长机械及管网的使用寿命,都具有重要的意义。     

基于TCP／IP的水利试验测控系统设计

本文介绍一种基于TCP／1P协议的新型水力物理模型试验测控系统，该系统将目前最先进、最流行的工业以太网技术应用到物理模型试验研究的测控系统中，实现多点水位、流速和流量等水力学重要参数的实时采集、处理、储存、显示及打印，并具有在线查询及数据分析功能。     

Time series analysis of wind speed using VAR and the generalized impulse response technique

This research examines the interdependence in time series wind speed data measured in the same location at four different heights. A multiple-equation system known as a vector autoregression is proposed for characterizing the time series dynamics of wind. Additionally, the recently developed method of generalized impulse response analysis provides insight into the cross-effects of the wind series and their responses to shocks. Findings are based on analysis of contemporaneous wind speed time histories taken at 13, 33, 70 and 160 ft above ground level with a sampling rate of 10 Hz. The results indicate that wind speeds measured at 70 ft was the most variable. Further, the turbulence persisted longer at the 70-ft measurement than at the other heights. The greatest interdependence is observed at 13 ft. Gusts at 160 ft led to the greatest persistence to an “own” shock and led to greatest persistence in the responses of the other wind series.     

0racleDataGuard容灾技术的研究与实现

为了解决数据丢失或损毁,经过对容灾技术的研究．提出基于OracleDataGuard容灾技术的解决方案,介绍DataGuard容灾技术的工作原理和相关特性．并实现物理备份数据库的构建和角色切换。结果表明,该方案能有效地解决Oracle数据库的数据丢失或损毁问题,为数据的保护提供更有效的保障。     

Safe and intuitive manual guidance of a robot manipulator using adaptive admittance control towards robot agility

Key areas of robot agility include methods that increase capability and flexibility of industrial robots and facilitate robot re-tasking. Manual guidance can achieve robot agility effectively, provided that a safe and smooth interaction is guaranteed when the user exerts an external force on the end effector. We approach this by designing an adaptive admittance law that can adjust its parameters to modify the robot compliance in critical areas of the workspace, such as near and on configuration singularities, joint limits, and workspace limits, for a smooth and safe operation. Experimental validation was done with two tests: a constraint activation test and a 3D shape tracing task. In the first one, we validate the proper response to constraints and in the second one, we compare the proposed approach with different admittance parameter tuning strategies using a drawing task where the user is asked to guide the robot to trace a 3D profile with an accuracy or speed directive and evaluate performance considering path length error and execution time as metrics, and a questionnaire for user perception. Results show that appropriate response to individual and simultaneous activation of the aforementioned constraints for a safe and intuitive manual guidance interaction is achieved and that the proposed parameter tuning strategy has better performance in terms of accuracy, execution time, and subjective evaluation of users.     

失速型风力发电机的建模与仿真研究

研究风力发电机系统优化控制问题,对风力发电进行设计,应通过风能带动发电机发电。但风力发电机组模型存在高阶、非线性问题,考虑因素很多。传统方法缺乏总体性能分析。为解决上述问题,建立了包括风力发电机组气动性能、传动系统部分和感应电机部分的一种新的较完善的失速型风力发电机组的动态数学模型。应用在MATLAB软件上,以数学模型为基础搭建了失速型风力发电机组数字仿真模型。并以稳态风速和动态风速为例,对600千瓦失速控制型风力发电机组进行了仿真计算。试验结果表明模型的正确性,为风力发电机组的进一步优化设计和优化控制等均提供了科学依据。